The Sassafras Bee Farm has impressively been blogging daily for the last two months, finding wonderful bits of beekeeping lore to report. We were excited by a particular recent post, which we shall cover after some introductory verbiage for the sake of non-beekeeping readers or just plain pedantry.
Swarming is the method by which honeybee colonies reproduce. When a colony grows large enough some bees will depart the hive with the reigning queen to find a new home while the remainder raise a new queen and carry on. Under favorable circumstances it is possible for a booming hive to cast several swarms in a season. As satisfying as this may be to the bees it is a loss for the beekeeper unless the swarm can be recaptured. This is why there are so many techniques to try to prevent swarming1.
When a swarm leaves its former home it does not proceed directly to a new one. Instead it clusters in a bivouac location until, based upon reports from scouts, it chooses its new habitation2 and flies thither. This provides an opportunity for the beekeeper whose hive has swarmed to collect and re-house the bees before they can choose to leave the apiary altogether. Unfortunately the bivouac location can be out of sight3, leaving the beekeeper unaware that swarming is occurring, or inaccessible as up a tree beyond the reach of the longest available ladder, swarm catching pole, or the beekeeper’s foolhardiness.
As a fallback the beekeeper can hang swarm traps, also called bait hives, in likely locations away from the apiary. These are suitably sized and scented boxes made to entice the scouts to convince their swarm to take up residence after which the beekeeper takes the box to the apiary and moves the bees to a proper hive. Of course, it may be someone else’s swarm that is caught.
Now from Sassafras Bee Farm we learn of another way to keep one’s own swarms, the Russian scion. 
This technique essentially applies the principle of the bait hive to the bivouac location. A tallish pole (perhaps ten feet high) is placed not very far in front of the hives. Larger beeyards may have more than one. Atop the pole is hung the scion. While there are more elaborate designs involving covered mesh baskets, it need only be a simple roof about a foot square to provide a bit of shelter to the lure beneath it. The lure can be a short, vertical length of wood covered in propolyzed burlap. Or just the propolized burlap itself hanging beneath. Or even an old frame. The bait may also be perfumed by some of the usual lemony essential oils. While the presence of this bait will not cause swarming it provides a convenient place for a swarm to bivouac which is easily seen and reached by the beekeeper.
Should Beatrix survive the remainder of winter she will surely cast a swarm if we are not timely in splitting her. Considering how often life and weather prevent us from timely care of our bees, a scion would be reassuring. We shall see if we are timely in constructing one.
1It is as easy as preventing teens from having sex.
2As described in Dr. Thomas Seeley’s HoneyBee Democracy
3 Ours was.
2017 January 26 at 16:35
Brilliant!
2017 January 26 at 16:43
So obvious in retrospect and yet so little known in the USA.
2017 January 26 at 17:23
This is pretty cool, thanks for sharing. I look forward to a post on the finished version.
A local beek told me last year that when a hive is preparing to swarm, the scout bees will start looking for a new place. If they have already settled on one, a swarm may bivouac for only a short time before leaving. I was asking if I should wait until the next day to collect my hive that had swarmed, as there were a lot of bees flying around. She mentioned this as a justification to collect the swarm that same day in case they had already picked a location.
This also supports the notion that you should put swarm traps out pre-Spring. This ensures they are available when the scouts start to look at new locations prior to swarming.
Great post!
2017 January 26 at 18:34
Thank you kindly.
We will probably overthink and overdesign and then hurry to build something when spring makes us sufficiently anxious. But we will try for pictures.
2017 January 26 at 19:19
Well, yes. Overthinking and over designing is the hallmark of beekeepers everywhere! Have fun.
2017 January 27 at 15:06
Well done! Very nice explanation. I’ve got mine read to hang complete with rope and pulley. I should be able to lower any swarm it attracts directly into a box for hiving. Of course I want the picture more than anything else.
2017 January 30 at 17:31
Thank you very much. Your post triggered a small epiphany.
It is too cold yet in our area to be putting up poles although we could start on the scion itself. How did or will you position your pole? Set in concrete or a socket or just stuck into the ground? Metal pole or wood?
Thanks again.
2017 January 31 at 16:42
I debated this at some length. Then the answer became apparently obvious. I’ll simply attach the standoff to one of our plentiful long leaf pines. Then use a rope and pulley to raise and lower the actual scion. I’ll take a picture when I get it up sometime this week. Cheers!
2017 January 29 at 22:00
The Russian scion way to lure a swarm is very interesting. Thank you for sharing.
2017 January 30 at 17:32
It would seem particularly useful for an urban beekeeper whose neighbors may not appreciate swarms settling near them.